Crveni Koralji

Crveni Koralji (trans. The Red Corals) were a Croatian and Yugoslav rock band formed in Zagreb in 1962, notable as one of the pioneers of the Yugoslav rock scene. Crveni Koralji were initially inspired mainly by Cliff Richard and the Shadows, but soon included covers of songs by other acts into their repertoire, as well as their own songs. With their performances and early releases, the band gained nationwide popularity, and by the mid-1960s became the most popular Yugoslav rock group. In the second half of the decade, with the arrival of new musical trends on the Yugoslav rock scene, their popularity heavily declined and since the mid-1970s the band, although never officially disbanding, performed occasionally only. The group continued their activity in mid-1980s, releasing three studio albums by the end of the decade. Since the beginning of the 1990s, the band has made occasional reunions to perform live and work in studio, releasing their last studio album in 2006. Crveni Koralji were formed in late 1962 by Jelenko Miran Perković (vocals), Miroslav Lukačić (guitar), Rudolf Šimunec (rhythm guitar), Davorin "Dino" Sarajlić (bass guitar) and Josip "Medo" Badrić (drums). Originally, they wanted to name the band Crveni Đavoli (The Red Devils), but eventually opted for Crveni Koralji, fearing that the name Crveni Đavoli might seem as a political provocation. Several months after the formation, the band's new vocalist became Boris Babarović "Barba", Perković moving to the band Kon-Tiki. Crveni Koralji had their debut performance on 28 March 1963 in the Zagreb club Varijete. Initially, they played covers of international hits, mostly of songs by Cliff Richard and the Shadows, performing at dances at the Zagreb club Polet. The band got larger media attention after their performance at a concert in Trade Union Hall in Belgrade, on which they performed alongside bands Bijele Strijele, Zlatni Dečaci and Elipse. Crveni Koralji started their performance with their backs turned to the audience, performing the Shadows song "Shadoogie". By the end of the year, Crveni Koralji had several appearances on television and recorded the songs "Vinetu" ("Winnetou") and "Niz cestu" ("Down the Road") for Radio Zagreb. In May 1964, Crveni Koralji performed at the Vatromet ritma (Fireworks of Rhythm) festival, held in Hall 3 of the Belgrade Fair, alongside Safiri, Nautilus, Zlatni Dečaci, Lutalice, Iskre, Elipse and Sadžo. This event is considered the first large rock concert held in Yugoslavia, with about 5,000 people attending. In July of the same year, they performed as a backing band for the popular singer Karlo Metikoš on his Yugoslav tour, playing 50 concerts. In 1964, the band released their debut record, the EP Najljepši san (The Most Beautiful Dream), through PGP-RTB record label. The EP featured The Shadows-inspired instrumentals "Najljepši san" and "Ponoć je prošla" ("Midnight Has Passed"), a cover of The Crystals' song "Then He Kissed Me" entitled "Dok je drugi ljubi" ("While Someone Else Is Kissing Her"), and the song "Rekla si: volimo se" ("You Said: We Love Each Other"), the latter becoming their first hit. The EP was sold in more than 100,000 copies in the country in which, at the time, about 120,000 households owned a gramophone. The band achieved nationwide popularity, receiving thousands of fan letters from all over the country, and their performances and debut release were praised by the Yugoslav music press. Following the EP release, the band performed on a battle of the bands at Zagreb's Šalata on 29 June 1964, competing with eight other popular Yugoslav bands and winning the first place. In October 1964, the band performed at the third edition of Vatromet ritma, held at the Novi Sad Fair, alongside Faraoni, Elipse, Detlići and Siluete. In 1965, Crveni Koralji released their second EP, featuring the songs "Napuljska gitara" ("Naples Guitar"), which was a cover of an Italian folk song, "Maštanje" ("Imagination"), which was a cover of Cliff Richard and the Shadows' song "Don't Talk to Him", "Dolazak" ("The Coming"), which was a cover of the Italian song "Y' Arriva", and "Zvijezdana noć" ("Starry Night"), which was a cover of The Shadows' song "Cosy". During the year, they released their third EP, Otiđi od nje (Leave Her). The title track was a cover of Arthur Alexander's song "You Better Move On". The EP also featured the songs "Svega mi je dosta" ("I Had Enough"), which was a cover of The Valentinos' "It's All Over Now", and two instrumental tracks, "Tema mladih ljubavnika", a cover of The Shadows' "Theme for Young Lovers", and a cover of The Shadows' version of Alberto Domínguez's composition "Perfidia". The band's fourth EP, released in 1966, featured two songs authored by the band, "Sretne godine" ("Happy Years") and "Izgubljenoj ljubavi" ("To the Lost Love"), alongside a cover of The Beatles' song "And I Love Her" entitled "Volim je" ("I Love Her"), and a cover of The Spotnicks' version of the composition "Johnny Guitar". During the year, the band appeared at the Zagreb Festival with the songs "Pismo" ("Letter") and "Cipele stare, cipele nove" ("Old Shoes, New Shoes"), winning the Second Prize for Composition and the First Prize for Lyrics. With a series of hits, the band rose to the status of the most popular Yugoslav rock band. They were proclaimed the Best Yugoslav Band by the music magazine Ritam for two years in a row, in 1964 and 1965. After The Shadows' performance at the Split Festival, Crveni Koralji had a joint club performance with them. They played as a studio band on records of popular singers like Karlo Metikoš, Đorđe Marjanović, Gabi Novak, Ivo Robić, Zdenka Vučković, Ivica Šerfezi, Zvonko Špišić and others, and performed as the backing band for Tereza Kesovija, Lado Leskovar, Džimi Stanić, Ana Štefok and others. In July 1966, they won first place at the International Beat Festival, organized in Zagreb and featuring Yugoslav and Italian bands. In August, the band went to West Germany, where they spent seven months performing in clubs in Darmstadt, Dortmund, Nuremberg and Frankfurt. After their return to Yugoslavia, they won first place at the Zagreb Music Festival with the song "Ne pitajte za nju" ("Don't Ask Me About Her"). In 1967, under the name Red Corals, they released a split 7-inch single with the Zagreb band Delfini for the Benelux market through Belgian record label Benelux International. The single featured Crveni Koralji song "Napoli Guitar". However, by this period, their popularity in Yugoslavia started to decline, and the band started to suffer from lineup changes. Sarajlić left the band, starting his group 4 Suze (The Four Tears), Crveni Koralji's new bass guitarist becoming Željko "Mika" Hižak, a former member of the band Kon-Tiki. Soon after, Badrić had to leave the band due to his mandatory stint in the Yugoslav army. The band held a farewell concert for Badrić in the Varijete club, with Džentlmeni as the supporting act. The band's new drummer became Boris Turina. The first record released by the new lineup of the band was the 1968 EP Sam (Alone). The EP brought the hit "Da sam drvosječa", a cover of the Tim Hardin song "If I Were a Carpenter". The EP also featured the band's own songs "Ne želim više tu ljubav" ("I Don't Want That Love Anymore") and "Bila si jedina" ("You Were the Only One"). Despite the success of the EP, part of the Yugoslav music press criticized the band's sound as archaic. On 3 September 1968, the band appeared at the first edition of the Festival of Yugoslav Pop Music in Zagreb. The audience polled their song "Moja gitara" ("My Guitar") as the best song of the festival, and their song "Noćas sam sanjao" ("I Dreamt Last Night") as the fourth, and the jury awarded them with the Best Performance Award. Both songs were released on their following EP, Moja gitara, alongside the songs "U jutro" ("In the Morning"), which was a cover of the song "Al mattino" by the Italian band I Califfi, and "Otac je